Programming C without variables is like, well, programming C without variables. They are so essential to the language that ... a good start to bundle data of the same type, especially when there ...

Becoming popular in the early 1990s and the norm today, object-oriented programming (OOP) languages, such as C++ and Java ... functions to the data. These user-defined data types are called ...

Function and function blocks are the basic building blocks, containing a data structure and an algorithm. IEC 61131-3 defines strong data typing to prevent programming errors (e.g., dividing a date by ...

Features of the C language commonly used in systems programming, application to systems programming ... Specification, implementation, and manipulation of abstract data types and their structures: ...