The C++ range based for makes working with arrays a lot cleaner. If you look back at the declaration for PinOutputAbstract there were three lines with the keyword static.

I go "wtf, no it doesn't." After a few minutes of questioning and some test code, we realized that microsoft took it upon themselves to automagically pass arrays as reference in C++ .NET.

Foremost in any strategy for the creation of safe and reliable C/C++ code is prevention of undefined behavior. But be prepared, because it’s not easy. On June 4, 1996, the Ariane 5 rocket was ...

Well, if you're working in C++, you <I>should</I> be using the string class and not character arrays (IIRC, the string class has search and replace methods, but I may be hallucinating).

To run C++ in Microsoft Visual Code, you need to install the C++ Extension and other essential extensions, then download and configure the compiler, you can use Clang or MinGW Compiler.