Abstract classes and interfaces in Java serve fundamentally different purposes. Learn the differences between these Java language elements and how to use them in your programs.

Nested classes are classes that are declared as members of other classes or scopes. Nesting classes is one way to better organize your code. For example, say you have a non-nested class (also ...

Java employs its own binary serialization stream protocol. Serialization is achieved through a combination of the ObjectOutputStream and ObjectInputStream classes, and the implementation of marker ...

The Java serialization tutorial In this Java serialization example, we will use both the ObjectOutputStream and the ObjectInputStream to save and retrieve the state of a simple JavaBean. The POJO will ...

While there are workarounds -- for example, you could introduce a Factory class to generate transaction objects -- this adds complexity and could become a maintenance burden. Another approach could be ...