However, many companies remain cautious about the use of open systems in industrial control operations. The fact that many well-known companies, such as Weidmuller, support an open control systems ...

A third key reason is that MOSA reduces life cycle costs. The upfront costs of developing a system with open architecture can be higher, but the overall life cycle cost is lower. The plug-and-play ...

Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, Vol. 40, No. 2 (1985), pp. 303-323 (21 pages) As an extention of the recently formulated system-theory-based view of labor relations systems (Larouche & ...