For example, 11 is a prime number since 11 dots form only rectangular arrays of sizes 1 by 11 and 11 by 1. Conversely, 12 is not prime since you can use 12 dots to make an array of 3 by 4 dots ...

For a plaited mat design on an m by n rectangular array, you would need as many curves as the greatest common divisor of m and n. So, when m = 3 and n = 4, the greatest common divisor is 1, and ...

Matrix multiplication, which involves multiplying two rectangular arrays of numbers, is often found at the heart of speech recognition, image recognition, smartphone image processing, compression ...