The graph shows spikes and drops in temperature over the past 9,500 years, charting how much higher or lower each year’s temperatures are than the average temperature over the entire time period.

Since the 1970s, algorithms have been able to test graph isomorphism, but in exponential time. This means that the increasing complexity of the graphs increased the algorithm's running time ...

Refining with colors. Mathematicians have developed various strategies to compare graphs. Since the 1970s, algorithms have been able to test graph isomorphism, but in exponential time.