This Review discusses the different, state-of-the-art applications of heterostructures containing at least one layer of a two-dimensional (2D) material, combined with 0D, 1D and 3D nano-objects.

Recently achieved high-entropy alloy nanostructures via novel synthetic strategies include 0D nanoparticles, 1D nanotubes and nanowires, 2D nanoscrolls and nanosheets, and 3D lattice and nanohybrids.

From these sampled points, filtered Vietoris-Rips complexes are constructed and their 0D, 1D and 2D persistence barcodes computed using the software package Perseus 26.