The encoder and resolver are commonly used rotor angle position sensors for controlling permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). However, they require significant axial space. This issue can be ...

The Swiss motion control specialist maxon has developed a speed measurement method for brushless DC (BLDC) motors that enhances control precision without needing an encoder. The method is based on an ...

The paper introduces a method to model various synchronous electrical machines called the equivalent circuit model (ECM). The purpose of developing ECM is to present an efficient machine model that is ...

Arduino GPS Tracker Circuit Diagram The Arduino GPS tracker circuit connects three main components: Arduino UNO R3, NEO-6M GPS module, and SIM800L GSM module. This design uses both hardware and ...