This paper examines three hypotheses central to the Leontief economic input-output model: (1) constant dollar coefficients are more stable than current dollar coefficients; (2) the intermediate ...

The existence of a positive balanced growth solution for the discrete dynamic input-output (IO) model is studied. Previous work in the area invariable assumed unrealistic restrictions on the matrices ...

At first glance, building a large language model (LLM) like GPT-4 into your code might seem simple. The API is a single REST call, taking in text and returning a response based on the input.

Deepseek’s industry effect According to Reuters, the DeepSeek-V3 model has become a top-rated free app on Apple’s App Store in the US. Janus-Pro-7B is an upgrade on the previously created ...

This paper describes an attempt to build a regression-based system of labor productivity equations that incorporate the effects of capital-embodied technological change into IDLIFT, a structural, ...

Even more striking, the o3-mini model costs just $1.10 per million input tokens and $4.40 per million output tokens, making it cheaper than even GPT-4o while providing much stronger performance on ...