Building logic gates out of silicon is old hat, as is building them from discrete transistors, 555 chips, LEGO, and even gears. [Yukio-Pegio Gunji] and [Yuta Nishiyama] from Kobe University, along … ...

Not to disparage “LTSpice model of a NAND gate implemented with 555 and diodes”, but “that” NAND only needed the diodes, a transistor, and 2 or 3 resistors aka RTL logic.

Because this is a logic gate, the same rules apply here as in electronic form, in that it's possible to build combinations of NOR gates that perform any logical function (AND, EQUAL, etc.).

One of the most basic elements of computing is the logic gate, and researchers at Kobe University have turned to the animal kingdom to create a physical model of them — using soldier crabs.

Pairs of gates can be used to create AND and OR logic based on the levels of output observed. When a pair of gates are both off, output is low; it's higher for a one-on/one-off situation (OR) and ...

Using DNA and harmless gut bacteria, the scientists have built what they claim are the most advanced biological logic gates ever created by scientists.

Using cancer cells as logic gates to determine what makes them move. ScienceDaily. Retrieved June 2, 2025 from www.sciencedaily.com / releases / 2023 / 01 / 230119185640.htm. Purdue University.

A technical paper titled “Logic-in-Memory Operation of Ternary NAND/NOR Universal Logic Gates using Double-Gated Feedback Field-Effect Transistors” was published by researchers at Korea University.