Programming fundamentals, such as basic syntax, data structures, control structures, functions, variables and debugging, are the building blocks of any programming language, including Python.

SEE: How to build a successful developer career (free PDF) "If you don't know any programming languages yet, Python is a good place to start. If you already know a different language, it's easy to ...

While Python is IEEE's lead programming language, the spotlight is on SQL, which leads the organization's jobs rankings.

Data structures—like lists, dictionaries (i.e., hashmaps or key-value stores), tuples (for storing immutable collections of objects), and sets (for storing collections of unique objects)—are ...