In an age where artificial intelligence (AI) is no longer a futuristic concept but a present-day reality, the role of ...

Optimization has developed powerful algorithms for solving complex problems efficiently. The effectiveness of these algorithms, also called metaheuristics, largely depends on the capabilities of their ...

This study introduces an enhanced version of the PEGASIS algorithm, termed the improved energy efficient anytime optimistic (IEE AO) protocol, designed to improve energy efficiency in wireless sensor ...