While the decimal numbering system allows any digit in a number to have any of ten values (0-9), digits in hexadecimal numbers can have 16 (0-F), digits in octal numbers only eight (0-7) and ...

Numbers between 110 and 119 convert to BCD values of the actual number + 156 + 6. ... The remainder of the program has various print statements that let the binary, BCD, decimal, ...