The ability to detect single photons (the smallest energy packets constituting electromagnetic radiation) in the infrared range has become a pressing need across numerous fields, from medical imaging ...

This study reports the first ever 3-wafer-stacked CMOS image sensor comprising an artificial intelligence (AI) chip with a deep neural network (DNN)-based circuit. The sensor was fabricated by bonding ...

This paper presents a novel edge detection method using a memristor-based array, which integrates image feature extraction, adaptive binarization, and morphological processing into a unified hardware ...