Power flow (PF) is one of the most important calculations in power systems. The widely-used PF methods are the Newton-Raphson PF (NRPF) method and the fast-decoupled PF (FDPF) method. In smart grids, ...

Traffic flow prediction plays a crucial role in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), as it substantially enhances traffic management efficiency, alleviates congestion, and improves road safety.