And second, Kotlin performance using DoubleArray is comparable to–and in this example slightly better than–Java performance using the primitive type double.

In Java terms, Kotlin classes are final by default. Default public members and default final classes could be interpreted as subtle encouragement to prefer composition over inheritance.

Kotlin is one of the newer languages on the JVM. It is statically typed and aims to provide a blend of OO and FP programming styles. We present the main features that might appeal to Java developers.

The last example shows the Java DSL in Kotlin where the biggest change is that status().shouldBe(200) should be used instead of the status().is(200) in the Java example: ...

The growth has put Kotlin in second place, albeit well behind Java, but now ahead of Clojure and Scala. Oracle JDK – Java Development Kit – is also losing share to OpenJDK alternatives.

The appeal of Kotlin among Android developers is straightforward: It's a statically typed language -- similar to Scala, Gosu, Ceylon and Fantom -- which compiles to both JVM byte code and JavaScript.

But that doesn’t worry this polyglot programmer, who has written books on Java, .NET, Scala, Groovy, JavaScript, and now Kotlin: “Java is steadily moving in the direction of low ceremony and ...

However, it’s worth noting that many developers using Kotlin for AI still rely heavily on Java libraries due to Kotlin’s Java interoperability. And in the context of AI, Java has many advantages.

Java still holds a large majority, with 86.9% of developers saying they use it as their main programming language for building JVM applications, compared to 5.5% with Kotlin.