Five-year-old systems-programming language Rust, ... 2 Python 3 Java 4 PHP 5 C++ 5 C# 7 Ruby 7 CSS 9 TypeScript 10 C 11 Swift 11 Objective-C 13 R 14 Scala 15 Go 15 Shell 17 PowerShell 18 Perl 19 ...

A year ago Java was the most popular programming language among developers, but it's now jostling for second place with Python. Software firm Tiobe's December 2020 programming language rankings ...

While Java, as well as Kotlin and Scala, can be used for data science, it's more likely to play a role behind the scenes, Ravisankar says. "Java is not built for data science -- most Java applications ...