5. Data Structures — Python 3.13.3 documentation
2 days ago · Curly braces or the set() function can be used to create sets. Note: to create an empty set you have to use set(), not {}; the latter creates an empty dictionary, a data structure that we discuss in the next section. Here is a brief demonstration:
The Python Tutorial — Python 3.13.3 documentation
1 day ago · It has efficient high-level data structures and a simple but effective approach to object-oriented programming. Python’s elegant syntax and dynamic typing, together with its interpreted nature, make it an ideal language for scripting and rapid application development in many areas on most platforms.
Functionality to operate with graph-like structures - Python
2 days ago · Create an instance of the TopologicalSorter with an optional initial graph. Add additional nodes to the graph. Call prepare() on the graph. While is_active() is True, iterate over the nodes returned by get_ready() and process them. Call done() on each node as it …
struct — Interpret bytes as packed binary data — Python 3.13.3 ...
1 day ago · Return a new Struct object which writes and reads binary data according to the format string format. Creating a Struct object once and calling its methods is more efficient than calling module-level functions with the same format since the format string is only compiled once.
ctypes — A foreign function library for Python — Python 3.13.3 ...
3 days ago · ctypes allows creating C callable function pointers from Python callables. These are sometimes called callback functions . First, you must create a class for the callback function.
pickle — Python object serialization — Python 3.13.3 documentation
1 day ago · Source code: Lib/pickle.py The pickle module implements binary protocols for serializing and de-serializing a Python object structure. “Pickling” is the process whereby a Python object hierarchy is...
Data Persistence — Python 3.13.3 documentation
3 days ago · Data Persistence¶ The modules described in this chapter support storing Python data in a persistent form on disk. The pickle and marshal modules can turn many Python data types into a stream of bytes and then recreate the objects from the bytes.
heapq — Heap queue algorithm — Python 3.13.3 documentation
2 days ago · To create a heap, use a list initialized to [], or you can transform a populated list into a heap via function heapify(). The following functions are provided: heapq. heappush ( heap , item ) ¶
3. Data model — Python 3.13.3 documentation
1 day ago · All data in a Python program is represented by objects or by relations between objects. (In a sense, and in conformance to Von Neumann’s model of a “stored program computer”, code is also represented by objects.)
6. Modules — Python 3.13.3 documentation
1 day ago · Suppose you want to design a collection of modules (a “package”) for the uniform handling of sound files and sound data. There are many different sound file formats (usually recognized by their extension, for example: .wav , .aiff , .au ), so you may need to create and maintain a growing collection of modules for the conversion between the ...